Cortex MeIiae
Source
The bark and root cortex of Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc. or M. azedarach
L., family Melidceae.
Characteristics
The sample appealing as lamellate, semi-curved cylindrical or cylindrical
pieces,
unequal in length and breadth, 2-6 mm in thickness, root cortex smaller
than the bark. Outer surface grey-brown, or yellowish with cortex removed,
coarse, with longitudinal stria and spotted lenticels; inner surface nearly
white or yellowish. Tough in texture. Fracture surface fibrous and lamellar,
easily separated and yellowish alternating with white, with reticular
stria on the lamellae. Bitter in taste, cold in nature, slightly toxic,
and attributive to liver and spleen channels.
Indication
1. Kill parasite: For ascariasis, ancylostomiasis (used with Semen Arecae
together) and trichuriasis.
2. For scabies and tinea capitis (external used).
Pharmacological
Action
1. Toosendanin is the component with anthelmintic effect, which is more
prolonged than that of santonin.
2. Its 25-50% solution rnay paralyse the pinworm of mice in vitro.
Administration
For ascariasis: 15-3Og as decoction daily and taken at night for 2-3 
times,
or toosendanin 4-5mg/kg
For scabies and tinea infection: Prepared as powder mixed with vinegar
or as ointment applied topically.
Caution
Both the crude drug and toosendanin are poisonous and may cause nausea,
vomiting, abdorninal pain, diarrhea, dizziness and even dyspnea, numbness
of the limbs, tremor, rnuscular spasrn, loss of perception, toxic hepatitis,
tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, etc. Hence, it is contraindicated for
those with general debility, peptic ulcer, pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis,
heart diseases, epilepsy and psychosis.